Homepage Solution manuals David S. Dummit Abstract Algebra Exercise 1.1.16 ($x^2 = 1$ if and only if $|x|$ is either $1$ or $2$)

Exercise 1.1.16 ($x^2 = 1$ if and only if $|x|$ is either $1$ or $2$)

Let x be an element of G . Prove that x 2 = 1 if and only if | x | is either 1 or 2 .

Answers

Proof. If x 2 = 1 , then the least positive integer such that x 2 = 1 is 1 or 2 so by definition | x | 1 or | x | = 2 .

Conversely, if x 2 = 1 , then | x | = 2 if x 1 , and | x | = 1 if x = 1 .

For all x G , x 2 = 1 if and only if | x | is either 1 or 2 . □

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2026-01-07 12:14
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