Homepage › Solution manuals › Ivan Niven › An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers › Exercise 2.2.11 (Solutions for $a x \equiv 1 \pmod {m^s}$)

Exercise 2.2.11 (Solutions for $a x \equiv 1 \pmod {m^s}$)

Suppose ( a , m ) = 1 , and let x 1 denote a solution of ax ≡ 1 ( mod m ) . For s = 1 , 2 , … , let x s = 1 ∕ a − ( 1 ∕ a ) ( 1 − a x 1 ) s . Prove that x s is an integer and that it is a solution of ax ≡ 1 ( mod m s ) .

Answers

Proof. First

x s = 1 − ( 1 − a x 1 ) s a = x 1 1 − ( 1 − a x 1 ) s 1 − ( 1 − a x 1 ) = x 1 ∑ i = 0 s − 1 ( 1 − a x 1 ) i ∈ ℤ .

(One can also use the binomial formula.)

Since a x 1 ≡ 1 ( mod p ) , there is an integer q such that

1 − a x 1 = qp .

Then

a x s = 1 − ( 1 − a x 1 ) s = 1 − q s m s ≡ 1 ( mod m s ) . □
User profile picture
2024-08-09 07:56
Comments