Exercise 6.21

Let f ( x ) = ∑ ⁡ n = 0 ∞ a n x n ∕ n ! and g ( x ) = ∑ ⁡ n = 0 ∞ b n x n ∕ n ! be power series with a n and b n integers. If p is a prime such that p ∣ a i for i = 0 , … , p − 1 , show that each coefficient c t of the product f ( x ) g ( x ) = ∑ ⁡ n = 0 ∞ c n x n for t = 0 , … , p − 1 may be written in the form p ( A ∕ B ) , p |̸ B .

Answers

Proof. Let k ∈ ℕ , 0 ≤ k ≤ p − 1 .

c k = ∑ i + j = k a i i ! b j j ! = ∑ i = 0 k a i i ! b k − i ( k − i ) ! = 1 k ! ∑ i = 0 k ( k i ) a i b k − i

As k ! ∧ p = 1 , and ∑ ⁡ i = 0 k ( k i ) a i b k − i ≡ 0 ( mod p ) for k = 0 , 1 , … , p − 1 ,

c k = p ( A ∕ B ) , p ∧ B = 1 . □

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2022-07-19 00:00
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