Exercise 2.2.6

Theorem 2.2.7 (Uniqueness of Limits). The limit of a sequence, when it exists, must be unique.

Prove Theorem 2.2.7. To get started, assume ( a n ) a and also that ( a n ) b . Now argue a = b

Answers

If a b then we can set 𝜖 small enough that having both | a n a | < 𝜖 and | a n b | < 𝜖 is impossible. Therefore a = b .

(Making this rigorous is trivial and left as an exercise to the reader)

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2022-01-27 00:00
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As a faithful reader, I write this proof.

Proof. Assume for contradiction that a b . Take 𝜀 = | b a | 2024 (*). Since lim n a n = a and lim n a n = b , there are integers N 1 , N 2 N such that

n N , n N 1 | a n a | < 𝜀 , n N , n N 2 | a n b | < 𝜀 .

Define N = max ( N 1 , N 2 ) . For all n N , if n N , then n N 1 and n N 2 , so

| a n a | < 𝜀 , | a n b | < 𝜀 .

In particular, for n = N = max ( N 1 , N 2 ) , we obtain

| b a | | b a n | + | a n a | < 2 𝜀 = 2 | b a | 2024 .

Because | b a | 0 , 1 < 2 2024 so 2024 < 2 : this is a contradiction. This proves a = b and the unicity of the limit. □

(*) This little trick allows the teacher to renew his course every year. Personally, this caused me trouble only during the year 0001.

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2024-07-07 07:49
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